Help with school costs
This advice applies to Scotland. See advice for See advice for England, See advice for Northern Ireland, See advice for Wales
Who can get financial help
If you're a parent or a person with parental responsibilities for a child, you might be entitled to certain types of financial help, depending on your circumstances.
If your child is at a private school, you'll have to approach the school to find out if any financial help is available.
Who provides financial help
If your child attends a state school, the local council has to provide certain kinds of financial help for families in particular circumstances. Other kinds of help are discretionary and depend on local policy.
Local councils must publish information on their general arrangements and policies for providing:
help with the cost and provision of school meals and milk
help with the cost and provision of school transport
higher school bursaries
other grants.
The local council must provide a contact address for you to find out more about benefits and eligibility. For details, contact your local council. You can find your local council on mygov.scot.
You might also be able to get benefits or grants from other sources, such as Social Security Scotland, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) or charities.
School meals
Local councils don't have to provide school meals. But schools must provide a place for children to eat packed lunches and give free school meals to some children.
Check with your child's school for information about meals, including where children eat packed lunches, and how to apply for free school meals.
There are no limits on what a school can charge for meals, but schools do have to abide by the rules for free meals.
Schools either provide a set menu, usually with some choice, or have a cafeteria, where children choose food up to the value they wish to spend. Most secondary schools have cafeterias.
Children on special diets for medical, cultural or religious reasons may have problems with the meals being offered. If you feel your child isn't getting a proper choice, you should first discuss this with the school. If this doesn't resolve the problem, you should take it up with the local council. Schools are required to follow rules about what food and drink they can provide. Read more about the rules on food and drink in schools.
Free school meals
All children in Primary 1 to 5 at a local council school are entitled to free school meals. Children who are over 2 years old and are receiving free early learning and childcare are also eligible for free school meals.
A child might be entitled to free school meals after Primary 5 if their family receives certain benefits or is experiencing financial hardship.
Children getting free meals normally get the same meals as those paying in full. In cafeteria systems, children entitled to free meals can choose food up to a certain fixed cost.
School milk
Each local council can decide if schools in their area give free milk to children. Some councils give free milk to all children. Others only give it to certain age groups. .
To find out if your child gets free milk, ask the school or your local council.
Your pre-school child might get free milk and a healthy snack at their nursery or child-minder. The nursery or child-minder has to be part of the local council's milk and snack scheme.
School clothing
All local councils in Scotland provide help with the costs of school clothing for families on low incomes.
Eligibility for a grant is decided by your local council but everyone who gets a school clothing grant will get at least:
£120 for each primary school pupil
£150 for each secondary school pupil.
You can find out more about school clothing grants on the Scottish Government website or by contacting your local council. You can find your council's contact details on mygov.scot.
Even if you get a grant, this may not cover all of the costs of school clothing. There might be other sources of help - for example, in some areas there are School Clothing Banks or other charities that can provide help with school clothing for families on low incomes.
Clothing vouchers
If you're issued vouchers for clothing, it may be difficult to find local shops that will accept them. If this is a problem, you should contact the local council. It might be able to persuade more shops to accept the vouchers or might decide to issue cash grants instead.
Standard clothing
Some local councils may provide standard clothing for children. Pupils may find this embarrassing. If you're unhappy with how help with clothing is allocated, you should contact the local council.
School transport
Local councils must provide transport, or help with the cost of transport, if they consider it necessary to help children get to school.
Local councils usually provide free transport to pupils who:
can't walk to school for medical reasons or because they're disabled
live beyond walking distance of the school (see below)
live within walking distance of the school but couldn't reasonably be expected to get to the school without free transport.
Some local councils may have more generous schemes. You should check with your local council to find out how your local scheme works.
Free transport can be provided by the local council using its own buses or by giving the child a free pass for public transport. Assistance can also be given for help with ferry, taxi or other transport, for example in remote areas or for disabled children. Free school transport doesn't depend on the parent's or parents' income.
All young people aged 16 to 18 are entitled to reduced fares on buses, trains and ferries in Scotland. To access the scheme, young people need to apply for a free National Entitlement Card.
Find out more about help with travel costs for younger people.
Walking distance
Local councils usually provide free transport to pupils who live beyond walking distance of the school. The usual definition of 'beyond walking distance' is:
more than 2 miles for pupils under the age of 8
more than 3 miles for pupils aged 8 or over.
Councils can define how far walking distance is, and some may use a more generous definition.
The distance is measured by the nearest available route. When considering what the nearest route is, the local council should consider the safety of children using the route. If the route is unsafe, the council should provide transport. If you're unhappy with the council's assessment of distance, you may be able to appeal.
Choice of school
A local council doesn't have to provide transport to a school of your choice if that school is beyond walking distance and a nearer suitable one exists. If the council refuses to help with transport costs because of this, you'll have to argue that the nearer alternative school isn't suitable.
If you choose to send your child to a particular school because of a religious preference, the local council will usually help with travel costs.
What you can do about transport
If you're refused help with transport, or if transport is withdrawn, you could try to get the decision changed using the local appeals procedure. The appeals procedure will vary between areas, so you should check with your local council for details.
If a few of you in an area are concerned about lack of transport, you may be able to campaign to persuade the council to provide transport.
Education Maintenance Allowance
If you're 16 to 19 years old and studying at school or college beyond school leaving age, and you come from a low-income household, you may be eligible for financial assistance from an Education Maintenance Allowance (EMA).
You can read more about EMAs on the Scottish Government website.
Equipment and activities
Activities within the curriculum
If an item or an activity is part of the school curriculum, the school must provide it free of charge. However, the school is entitled to charge for articles or materials which pupils wish to keep, for example items of woodwork or cooking.
If you're being asked to pay for something which is part of the curriculum, you should first approach the school, and then the local council, to see if the problem can be resolved.
Activities outwith the curriculum
Schools may be able to help with the cost of activities which aren't part of the curriculum, for example school trips. If you're finding it difficult to meet the cost, you should contact the headteacher to see if there's a school fund which may be able to help.
Leaving school and going to college or university
If you decide to leave school but want to go on to college or university, as long as you have the entrance requirements, you can attend a full-time course at a Scottish college or university and the Scottish government will pay your course fees for you. There are a number of ways in which you can get additional financial help.
Find out more about budgeting and funding for students on the Student Information Scotland website.
Special needs at college or university
If you have special needs, for example you use a wheelchair, and are planning to attend college or university, you'll have to find out what facilities there are. All colleges and universities have to have an accessibility strategy to ensure they don't discriminate against you on the grounds of a disability.
Find out more about discrimination because of a disability.
Other sources of help
Benefits
If you're finding it difficult to meet the costs of education, you should check if you're entitled to any social security benefits. As well as possibly bringing more money into the household, receipt of a particular benefit is often a condition of getting further help from the local council.
You might be able to get a one-off grant called the School Age Payment to help with the costs of having a child of school starting age. This is part of the Best Start Grant and is paid out by Social Security Scotland. You need to be on a low income and to apply around the time that your child might normally start school or just afterwards.
Check if you can get the School Age Payment.
For a full benefits check, you should consult an experienced adviser, for example at a Citizens Advice Bureau. Find out where to get advice.
School funds
The school may have funds that can be used for help with certain items, or it may keep stocks of second-hand uniforms. You should contact the school for further information.
Help from charities
Some charities give parents grants to help with the costs of education. These charities often have a very limited amount of money to give and usually have very specific criteria which you must meet to get a grant - for example, you may have to live in a particular area or belong to a particular religion.
You may be able to get information about local charities, and help with applying, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. Find out where to get advice.